Developed with the support of the Global Water Partnership Organization (GWPO) and GWP-CAf, the Technical Note focuses on the causes of the little-known disease in order to raise awareness amongst the general public, decision-makers as well as technical and financial partners. It also highlights the work done so far by GWP-Cmr and its partners (UNICEF, ACEEN, Ministry of Water Resources and Energy and the University of Dschang) in identifying possible solutions to remedy this health problem.